一、2006年真題解說
2006年考研英語寫作分為A、B兩部分。以下對這兩部分分別加以介紹。
Part A
51. Directions:
You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a c-idate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help - how you will carry out your plan.
Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)
在考研英語中,這是第二次考查應(yīng)用文寫作,模式仍是書信體。因此,像2005年一樣,考生在寫作時應(yīng)注意:1.覆蓋全部信息;2.注意格式和語域;3.語言準確,內(nèi)容合理;4.不要過多使用指令中的英語表達。今年的寫作主題是希望工程,這是1995年和2001年考研作文中曾經(jīng)兩次涉及過的話題。一般考生應(yīng)覺得有內(nèi)容發(fā)揮。不過,今年的應(yīng)用文指令部分比去年要難一些,為方便考生復習,特將指令中關(guān)鍵的第一段翻譯出來,供考生參考:
你打算資助邊遠地區(qū)的一個孩子,為希望工程做點貢獻。給有關(guān)單位寫一封信,請他們幫助尋找一個候選的孩子。你應(yīng)當詳細說明你需要幫助的那個孩子的情況,以及你將如何實施你的資助計劃。
根據(jù)以上要求,考生在寫作中應(yīng)注意三個信息點: 1.說明自己的想法和要求; 2.介紹孩子的情況;3.如何實施資助計劃。小作文命題看得出頗費心機,刻意考一種按常規(guī)難以歸類的書信模式,但不難寫。同學們只要照指令的情景和提綱部分擴展出100字就行。
Part B
52. Directions:
Study the following photos carefully - write an essay in which you should
1. describe the photos briefly,
2. interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, -
3. give your point of view.
You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
2006年短文寫作還是圖畫作文。給了兩幅畫面,一幅是一個人臉上刻著貝克漢姆的名字,另一幅是一個人花了300元剪了一個小貝的發(fā)型,兩幅圖均透露出社會上一些人崇拜偶像的現(xiàn)象,讓考生對這種現(xiàn)象做出評價,很新鮮、靈活。感覺以往的英語作文試題大多考傳統(tǒng)型的,如孝敬父母,毅力恒心等,這次讓人很意外。
考生在看到大作文的第一眼是感覺親切而高興,覺得非常有趣,很有東西寫。因為貝克漢姆對年輕人來說,實在是太熟悉太有誘惑力了,小貝的出場,無論對男生女生,通常引起的都是狂熱與奔放。但是此時要靜下心來,邏輯嚴密、條理清晰、有條不紊地去論述一下偶像崇拜的問題,很多考生馬上又坐不住板凳了。要么提筆忘字,要么干脆無話可言,再或者干巴巴說幾句就再也不能繼續(xù)下去。其實,文章探討的主題應(yīng)該是當今社會出現(xiàn)的年輕人對明星盲目崇拜的現(xiàn)象。只要圍繞這個主題寫就行,至于從哪個角度去討論,自己的具體看法是什么,那不是最重要的。關(guān)鍵是考生的文章觀點要明確而清晰,尤其是,詞句的表達要流暢規(guī)范。
圖畫作文通常寫法:第一段揭示現(xiàn)象,描述圖畫;第二段發(fā)表自己對這個現(xiàn)象的分析議論;第三段針對該現(xiàn)象提出自己的看法或發(fā)出自己的倡導??蓪懶院軓?。
二、經(jīng)典范文賞析
Part A 范文
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m a teacher of Renmin University of China - I’d like to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote part of your province. Therefore,I would be most grateful if you could send me information regarding such a child who has met the following requirements:
First,he must be very poor - truly in need of help. Second,he must have the strong desire to improve things around him. Third, he must be healthy, happy - optimistic. Last but not the least is that he must be willing to return to his hometown to do something for it after graduation from university.
I would send him money every year from this year on until he finishes his higher education.Your prompt reply to this letter would be highly appreciated. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Sincerely Yours,
Li Ming
譯文
親愛的先生/女士:
我是中國人民大學的一名老師。我想為希望工程做點貢獻,打算資助你省邊遠地區(qū)的一個孩子。因此,如果你能提供符合以下條件的一個孩子信息給我,我將不勝感激:
第一,他必須很窮,真的需要幫助。第二,他必須有強烈的愿望,想要改善他周圍的事物。第三,他必須健康、快樂,并且樂觀。最后一點但很重要的一點是,大學畢業(yè)后他必須愿意回到他的家鄉(xiāng)為家鄉(xiāng)做貢獻。
我將從今年開始每年都給他寄錢,直到他完成高等教育。盼望你盡快回信。
李明
黃金句型
I’d like to contribute to...
我想為……做貢獻。
I would be most grateful if you...
如果你……我將不勝感激。
Last but not the least is that...
最后一點但很重要的一點是……
Your... would be highly appreciated.
盼望你……
I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.
盼望你的來信。
Part B 范文
There are two pictures:The first is a photo of a man’s face on which the name of the famous football player Beckham can be seen. In the second picture we can see a man in a barbershop, his hair being done in Beckham’s hair style, costing him 300 yuan.
Obviously,the two persons are fans of Beckham.These pictures, although a little exaggerating - satirical at first glance, can make us ponder: why does this phenomenon appear?As is known to all, with the development of modern communications, more - more people are influenced by some socalled “stars”. Therefore,we have many fans who run after - imitate them-film stars,athletic stars, even stars of supergirl singers. First,they do so because they admire them - want to obtain their fame - reputation. Second, although there is no denying the fact that some people do this out of pure adiration, yet, some just want to become wealthy overnight-without hard work, without sweat, just effortlessly.
Anyway, in my opinion, our government must educate our people-especially the youth-that some famous people get their reputation because they have made great contribution to our society-such as Liu Xiang. - we ourselves also must underst- that their achievement is not easy job. We’d better turn our admiration into practical action to learn from them so that we can make even greater contribution to our country in the future.
譯文
這里有兩幅圖:第一張是一個人臉上寫著著名足球運動員貝克漢姆的名字。第二張我們可以看見一個人在理發(fā)店里,他讓理發(fā)師按照貝克漢姆的發(fā)型給他做頭發(fā),花了300元。
很明顯,這兩人是貝克漢姆的崇拜者。這些圖片,盡管第一眼看上去有些夸張和諷刺,仍然可以使我們深思:為什么會發(fā)生這種現(xiàn)象?眾所周知的是:隨著現(xiàn)代傳媒的發(fā)展,越來越多的人都被這樣的“明星”影響。因此,有很多追隨和模仿他們的追星族——電影明星,體育明星,甚至“超女”歌星。第一,他們這樣做是因為他們崇拜他們,想得到他們的名聲。第二,盡管不可否認的是一些人這么做純粹是出于崇拜,但是,也有一些人只是想一夜暴富——不需努力工作,不需流汗,只是無需努力。
以我的觀點,無論如何,我們的政府都必須教育人民——尤其是年輕人—— 一些著名的人得到他們的聲譽是因為他們?yōu)槲覀兊纳鐣龀隽司薮筘暙I——比如劉翔。我們自己必須理解他們的成就是不容易的。我們最好將我們的崇拜轉(zhuǎn)化為學習他們的實際行動,這樣我們才能在將來為我們國家做出更大的貢獻。
黃金句型
These pictures, although a little exaggerating - satirical at first glance, can make us ponder...
這些圖片,盡管第一眼看上去有些夸張和諷刺,仍然可以使我們深思……
As is known to all...
眾所周知的是……
Although there is no denying the fact that...
盡管不可否認的是……
一、2005年真題解說
2005年開始,考研英語寫作變成A、B兩部分,首次出現(xiàn)了應(yīng)用文寫作。以下對這兩部分分別加以介紹。
Part A
51. Directions:
Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), - making an apology.
Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
2005年應(yīng)用文部分考的是一封辭職信,內(nèi)容是說兩個月前你得到了一份編輯工作,但是現(xiàn)在你發(fā)現(xiàn)這份工作并不向你想象當中那么如意,所以你決定辭職。要求寫一封信給老板,告訴他你的決定,說明理由,并且表示歉意。
在寫作時,可以把辭職信當作求職信的反面加道歉信。嚴格意義也可以當作是道歉信的一種,就本文的情景而言,因為已經(jīng)擔任工作了,剛來就辭職,難免感覺非常抱歉。實際上此命題與大綱樣題是相同的,只是大綱里面會明確的說:第一,告訴你他的決定。第二,說明你的理由。第三,表示你的道歉。那么考生看到這道題以后,要會把題變通,盡管題目里面沒有三點提綱,但是實際上就是要求做三件事情,第一說明你的決定,這是寫作的意圖。第二你的理由,為什么要辭職?這是真正展示你語言才華的拓展性部分。第三,表示你的道歉,這是一個禮貌性的原則。寫書信的時候,大家不要忘記,它是社會交往的一種形式,它替代的是人與人之間面對面的溝通,它不同于第二篇作文,它的根本性在于它是社會交往的書面形式。所以,必須尊重一些交際規(guī)則。
具體來說,這一道題要求只有100字左右。篇幅很短,所以第一句話應(yīng)該是開門見山,說明寫信的目的。中間部分解釋辭職的理由,這一部分一般思路上是不會有問題的,關(guān)鍵是語言的組織,實際上應(yīng)用文部分對語言的難度要求不是特別高,只要能夠完成題目規(guī)定的任務(wù)就可以了。最后再用一、兩句話表示道歉。
關(guān)于這篇小作文要注意:第一,注意書信的格式。第二,將寫作意圖、原因闡述、禮貌原則全部涉及到位。
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing the interpret its meaning, - give your comment on it.
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)
2005年第二篇作文依然采用了圖畫作文的形式。題目為養(yǎng)老“足球賽”,畫的四角均有一個足球門,守門的是一個老人的四個子女:大兒子、二兒子、小兒子和小女兒。畫的中間是一個蜷縮成一團的老人,呈球型,代表球。作文要求與以往的圖畫作文相似:先描述圖畫,再談看法。這篇文章主要批判有些子女不贍養(yǎng)父母,將父母像踢足球一樣踢來踢去。同第一篇作文一樣,它的命題形式也沒有給一個明確的三段式提綱,也是用一句話來表述,描述圖畫、解釋寓意和對圖畫進行評論。但是,我們可以非常容易的看出這實際上還是一種“三段式”的邏輯思維方式。這篇作文從命題的角度來看反映了三個特點:主題具有一定的普遍性、中心思想相當明確、考生有話可說。
在實際寫作中要注意:不要把養(yǎng)老足球賽上的場面進行過分細節(jié)化的描述,因為畫面上是三個兒子,一個女兒,一個老父親五個人,如果每個人寫上一句話,就占到160-200詞兒的一大部分,顯然這是不明智的。但是也不能走上另外一個極端,就是基本上不描述,只是泛泛而談。根據(jù)教育部以往評分的標準來看,圖畫描述不夠?qū)豢鄯帧?BR> 核心的段落,應(yīng)該是在第二段。第二段就是把這幅漫畫的意圖要說清楚,說明它給我們帶來的思考。我們要通過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì),為什么會是這樣?這些年輕人到底怎么了?這些老年人為什么會是現(xiàn)在這種狀況呢?人都是要老的,是不是會讓我們意識到一點,我們現(xiàn)在如此對待老年人,把他像足球一樣踢來踢去,如果假設(shè)真是這樣的話,那這個老年人的今天也有可能就是你自己的明天,這些都是有感而發(fā)的。
第三段可以對這件事情發(fā)表評論,也可以寫成你的一些建議,如何解決這個社會問題等。
一、2004年真題解說
Directions:
Study the following drawing carefully - write an essay in which you should
1) describe the drawing
2) interpret its meaning, -
3) support your view with examples
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
2004年考研寫作考查了圖畫作文。按照題目這篇作文應(yīng)該包括三點:第一點是描述圖畫中的內(nèi)容;第二點是闡述其含義;第三點是用若干例子來支持自己的觀點。
本題的寫作步驟:
1. 認真審題
考生首先要看懂圖片包含的內(nèi)容,根據(jù)題目的要求考慮是否需要給出標題。本題中并沒有要求寫標題,考生可以根據(jù)自己是否有把握來選擇是否要寫標題,一個好的標題可以起到畫龍點睛的作用,但如果沒有把握就不要寫,避免畫蛇添足。通過審題,我們知道主人公是個正跑到終點線上的小男孩,他頭上冒著汗,嘴角卻帶著笑,地上一個箭頭寫著終點,而另一個卻又寫著起點。下面的一行字寫著“終點又是新起點”。
2. 理解畫面的含義
這是寫作最重要的部分??忌梢愿鶕?jù)自己對人類社會、對日常生活的觀察或自身的親身感受來做出不同的解釋。比如考生可以用辯證的觀點,說明世上的任何事物都是向前發(fā)展的,不斷更替的。就像長跑比賽一樣有終點,一旦到達終點,又有一個新的起點。也可以理解為人類的歷史就是這樣不斷奮勇向前的。
3. 用若干具體事例支持自己的觀點
其實這樣的實例是很多的。比如說,人類對某一自然現(xiàn)象的理解取得了突破性進展(如基因的發(fā)現(xiàn)解答了生物遺傳之謎,同時又標志著動物克隆的一個新起點;我國神州五號飛船勝利返航到達終點,同時也意味著我國太空探索領(lǐng)域的新起點)。再近一點,經(jīng)過4年的緊張學習,我們的大學時代即將到達終點;而從另一方面看,無論我們考上研究生還是投身于社會,未來的歲月對我們來說都是一個新的起點等。
4. 列出提綱和主題句,圍繞提綱完成全文。
二、經(jīng)典范文賞析
Stopping for a New Start
In the picture presented to us, we can see a runner who is dashing to the finishing line, dripping with sweat all over the forehead. Apparently, he is very happy at the final victory of the race after a long running. However, as an arrow marked "End" points to the finishing line, there immediately follows another arrow marked with "Beginning".
Though this picture only describing a runner who is going to start a new run after reaching the finishing line, yet it demonstrates a universal law that governs the development of mankind. Judging from the title "Finishing Line Leads to Another Starting Point", we get to know the artist餾 real intention: he tries to indicate that there is no end on the way of making progress.
This drawing reminds me a lot of phenomena in the world. The most obvious example is the discovery of gene, which is the final solution to the mystery of the life. But on the other h-, it is a staring point that triggers off the study of cloning. Another example is the safe return of Shenzhou V spaceship, which marks the triumphant end of the launch. At the same time, it begins a new era for China餾 space exploration. A third example concerns something about ourselves. Four years college life is now approaching to the end - each of us is going to st- at a new starting point, either as a postgraduate or a member of the society. In this sense, we are stopping for a new start. Only when we are well瞤repared for it, can we meet the challenge in the future - be the winner of the new era.
譯文
迎接新起點
從所給的圖中,我們可以看到一個運動員正跑向終點,他的頭上冒著汗。顯然,跑了這么長終于達到終點他非常高興。但是,一個箭頭指向終點線的同時,另一個箭頭上卻寫著起點。
盡管這個圖片只描述了一個運動員到達終點后又要準備新的起跑的事情,但它卻揭示了一個有關(guān)人類發(fā)展的永恒規(guī)律。從題目“終點又是新起點”中我們不難看出作者的真正目的是要告訴我們在人類進步的路途上永遠都沒有終點
這幅圖使我想起了世界上很多事情。最明顯的就是基因的發(fā)現(xiàn),雖然解答了生物遺傳之謎,但也標志著動物克隆的一個新起點。另我國神州五號飛船勝利返航到達終點也意味著我國太空探索領(lǐng)域的新起點。最后一個例子和我們的生活息息相關(guān)。經(jīng)過4年的緊張學習,我們的大學時代即將到達終點;而從另一方面看,無論我們考上研究生還是投身于社會,未來的歲月對我們來說都是一個新的起點。只有我們做好準備才能迎接未來的挑戰(zhàn),做新時代的勝利者。
黃金句型
In the picture presented to us, we can see...
從所給的圖中,我們可以看到……
Though this picture only describes..., yet it demonstrates a universal law that...
盡管這幅圖片只描述了……,但它卻揭示了一個關(guān)于……的普遍規(guī)律。
Judging from..., we get to know...
從……的判斷,我們知道……
This drawing reminds me...
這幅畫使我想起……
Only when... can we ...
我們只有……才能……
一、2003年真題解說
66.Directions:
1) describe the set of drawings, Interpret its meaning, -
2) point out its implications in our life.
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
這篇圖畫作文給出了提綱,共包括兩點:第一點是描述圖畫,闡述其含義;第二點是指出其中暗含的意思,即在我們生活中的含義??忌鷳?yīng)注意提綱要求中meaning和implication是有區(qū)別的,前者指圖畫本身的意思,而后者則指的是通過類比揭示其在現(xiàn)實生活中的道理。
題目給出了兩幅相對的圖:第一幅圖中,盡管外面狂風暴雨,溫室里的花朵卻依然怒放著??墒堑诙鶊D中,我們看到同樣一朵花一旦搬到了室外,在風雨中立即就凋謝了,由此也印證了題目中“溫室中的花朵經(jīng)不起風雨”的論斷,這就是兩幅圖的含義。
根據(jù)這一論斷,考生可以自由聯(lián)想其在生活中的含義。最明顯的就是當前社會孩子的教育問題和獨生子女問題。很多父母對孩子百般溺愛,恐怕孩子吃一點苦,受一點委屈,父母為孩子包辦一切,將孩子當作是“溫室里的花朵”,結(jié)果孩子缺乏獨立解決問題的能力,一旦遇到挫折就手足無措。此外在當前的教育制度下,孩子學習負擔沉重,絕大部分時間都在學校和家庭度過,根本沒有接觸社會的機會,這樣又怎么能茁壯成長呢?
經(jīng)過以上分析,考生基本已經(jīng)有了整體的思路??梢愿鶕?jù)提綱將文章分為三段。第一段是描述圖畫。第二段是揭示其在現(xiàn)實生活中的含義。可以類比于生活中孩子的教育問題,并分析這種現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因。最后一段可以總結(jié)自己的觀點,得出結(jié)論。
二、經(jīng)典范文賞析
The above two pictures have shaped contrast to each other. As is shown in the first drawing, the flower is placed in a cozy green house which shelters it from the severe wind - storm. With proper temperature - other good conditions, the flower is growing in full bloom. In contrast, when removed from the green house - exposed to the wind - storm, the flower immediately fades - withers, with most of its petals cast about on the ground. The two pictures show us that the flower growing in the green house can not withst- the ordeal of the wind - storm.
It is most likely that the drawer means to compare children in our country to the flower in the drawing - reflect a problem in the present education of our children. For one thing, most parents provide excessive doting care - material supplies to protect the children from the harsh reality. For another, most children are too heavily burden with studies that they have little time to take part in social activities. Once the children begin to seek independence - face challenges from the real competitive world, they are found too spoiled to be strong enough to endure the hardships - difficulties of various sorts.
In sum, it is essential for us to solve the problem of children餾 education timely - effectively. Only by undergoing more predicaments can young people develop strong personality - ability needed in the future, - only in this way can they eventually become winners in our competitive changing world.
譯文
以上兩幅圖畫形成了鮮明的對比。第一幅中,花放在了舒適的溫室中,可以避免接觸風雨。溫室中溫度適宜良好的條件使得花朵能夠盡情綻放。相反,當這朵花到了室外,一旦遇到風雨花兒立刻就枯萎了,花瓣都調(diào)落了。兩幅圖告訴我們溫室里得花朵經(jīng)不起風雨。
作者很可能想通過將我們社會中的孩子比作畫中的花朵,來反映當前孩子的教育問題。一方面,很多家長對孩子非常溺愛,提供各種物質(zhì)條件,不讓他們接觸現(xiàn)實。另一方面,孩子課業(yè)負擔沉重,無暇參加社會活動。一旦孩子要獨立面對殘酷的競爭,就會發(fā)現(xiàn)無法忍受各種困難和艱辛。
總之,我們必須要及時有效地解決孩子地教育問題。只有經(jīng)歷困境,年經(jīng)人才能磨練堅強的個性,也只有這樣他們才能最終成為社會的強者。
黃金句型
The above two pictures have shaped contrast to each other. As is shown in the first drawing, ... In contrast...
以上兩幅圖畫形成了鮮明的對比。第一幅中……,相反……
The two pictures show us that...
兩幅圖告訴我們……
It is most likely that the drawer means to compare ... to ... in the drawing - reflect a problem in .... For one thing, ... For another...
作者很可能想通過將……比作……來反映……的問題。一方面……,另一方面……
In sum, it is essential for us to...
總之,我們必須……
Only... can...
只有……才能……
一、2002年真題解說
Directions:
Study the following picture carefully - write an essay entitled "Cultures睳ational - International". In the essay you should
1) describe the picture - interpret its meaning, -
2) give your comment on the phenomenon.
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
An American girl in traditional Chinese costume(服裝)
2002年考查的也是圖畫作文,但卻是第一次使用照片。照片上是一位穿著傳統(tǒng)中國服飾的美國姑娘,她的臉上掛著微笑,可以看出她非常高興,上面還有一行關(guān)于照片的注釋。文章中已經(jīng)給出了標題和大綱。大綱主要有兩點:一是描述圖片并解釋含義;二是對此現(xiàn)象做出自己的評論。從照片中考生很容易就可以想到其寓意是民族的文化可以成為世界的。確定了這個主題后,我們就可以進一步確定一個支配思想,即這一趨勢對于人類發(fā)展是有利的。接下來考生就可以圍繞這一思想,分三段進行寫作,首段簡要地描述照片,次段闡述其含義,末段給出評論。在審題構(gòu)思時應(yīng)注意:以小見大、把握象征寓意。關(guān)于評論部分可以有三個寫作角度:提建議、考慮背景及原因、或描述未來、預測未來??忌詈媚芰谐龊唵蔚奶峋V,寫好每段的主題句,最后進行擴展。對于這張照片的描述可能會有一些單詞需要特別注意:如發(fā)帶 ribbon、耳環(huán) earrings、項鏈 necklace、少數(shù)民族 minority group、婦女服飾accessories等。
二.經(jīng)典范文賞析
Cultures-National - International
At first sight of the picture, my eyes are brightened by the pretty girl, beaming with a simile on her face. She is a typical American girl, but she is dresses in our traditional Chinese costume. It seems that the girl is very proud of the Chinese costume.
It goes without saying that the picture indicates that a culture of one nation may become international, which is beneficial to all human beings. Actually the girl st-s for two different cultures-western - eastern cultures. Her charming smile is the essential touch of the whole picture, which symbolizes the harmonious blending of the two cultures. With economic globalization, the blending of different cultures has become a necessary trend of the times. On one h-, a large number of people from different countries have been pouring into China. On the other h-, Chinese people are also exposed to different foreign cultures when they go abroad or when more foreign people come to China. In this way, people from various nations in the world will be able to acquire better underst-ing of each other.
As far as I am concerned, I think this phenomenon is good to all of us. It is an effective way to achieve efficient cross-cultural communication - promote world peace - prosperity.
譯文
看到這張照片的第一眼,我就被這個面帶微笑的漂亮女孩吸引了。很明顯她是一個美國女孩,但她卻穿著傳統(tǒng)的中國服飾??瓷先ニ龑τ谒┑闹袊椃浅5淖院?。
勿容置疑這張照片揭示了這樣一個道理,民族的可以變成世界的,這對人類的發(fā)展是有益的。事實上這個女孩代表了兩種文化——西方和東方文化。她充滿魅力的微笑是整張照片的核心,代表著兩種文化的和諧相融。隨著經(jīng)濟全球化,不同文化的融合已經(jīng)成為一個趨勢。一方面,很多外國人涌到了中國,另一方面,更多的中國人也可以自己出國或與來中國的外國人有更多的接觸。這樣,世界各地的人們就可以更好地相互了解。
我個人認為,這一現(xiàn)象對大家都好。這是進行跨文化交流和促進世界和平和繁榮的一種非常有效的方法。
黃金句型
At first sight of the picture, my eyes are brightened by...
看到這張照片的第一眼,我就被……吸引了。
It seems that...
看起來……
It goes without saying that the picture indicates that...
勿容置疑這張照片揭示了……
With economic globalization, the blending of different cultures has become a necessary trend of the times.
隨著經(jīng)濟全球化,不同文化的融合已經(jīng)成為一個趨勢。
On one h-... on the other h-...
一方面……,另一方面……
As far as I am concerned, I think...
我個人認為……
It is an effective way to achieve efficient cross-cultural communication - promote world peace - prosperity.
這是進行跨文化交流和促進世界和平和繁榮的一種非常有效的方法。
一.2001年真題解說
Directions:
Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone has his/her own underst-ing of it. There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the newspaper to
1) show your underst-ing of the symbolic meaning of the picture below,
2) give a specific example, -
3) give your suggestion as to the best way to show love. You should write about 200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
2001年考研作文經(jīng)歷了一次重大的變革——文章要求有所改動:字數(shù)增多,由原來的150字增到200字,也就是說180字以下的文章要扣分。同時寫作部分的分值也由15分提高到20分,充分體現(xiàn)了寫作在考研英語測試中的重要地位。
本文中的圖畫非常簡單,結(jié)合提示考生很容易理解其含義,但這張圖片的意義卻很深遠:油燈上面的火焰是一個孩子的微笑,在黑暗中發(fā)出明亮的光芒,上面還有一句提示語“愛心是一盞燈,在越黑暗的地方越明亮。”這句話的理解關(guān)系到對整篇文章中心思想的正確理解。這句話的前半句是個比喻,后半句是一個越……越……的結(jié)構(gòu),考生應(yīng)該深刻領(lǐng)會愛心的重要作用。本文中的提綱有三點,一是寫出對于圖畫象征意義的理解,二是舉出一個具體的事例,三是就獻愛心的最好辦法給出建議。另外這道題目中增加了情景語言,即:包括情景說明,提綱說明,以及圖畫。降低了題目的難度,考生可以結(jié)合提綱式作文、規(guī)定情景作文和圖畫作文的寫作特點完成本文的寫作。但要注意一個重要原則:英語情景說明語句,不可直接照搬,需要進行改動。盡量應(yīng)用同義,近義詞,相關(guān)表達,不同句式改造。例如worthy 可以替換為valuable,feelings 可以替換為 emotions,mankind 可以替換為 human being,noblest可以替換為greatest等。我們可分三段來完成本文。在第一段中不僅應(yīng)描述圖畫,還應(yīng)描述上面的那句話。在第二段中,應(yīng)舉一個能與圖畫所表達的道理相匹配的典型事例。這樣的事例很多,考生可以結(jié)合自己的經(jīng)歷列舉,如希望工程、抗洪捐款等等,也可以列舉具體人物。最后一段中,考生可以提出自己的建議,這一部分難度不高,考生可以套用一些模版句型。
二.經(jīng)典范文賞析
In the picture presented to us, an oil lamp gives out bright flame against the dark background. The flame is like a child餾 smile, so innocent - pure. The oil lamp here is a symbol of love, which is the greatest among all the valuable emotions of human being. Just as the Chinese characters around the lamp say, love is a lamp; the darker the room is, the brighter it looks. It is true that the harder the situation is, the more valuable love is.
One good example to illustrate this love is the "Hope Project". As we all know, although our economy is much better than years of ago, a great gap still remains between east - west regions, between large cities - rural areas. Thous-s of poor children are forced to quit school because of lacking of money. All works of life have worried about this situation. "Hope Project", which is proposed just in time, calls for people to show their loves for those children unable to go to school, - tens of thous-s of people has lent their h-s without asking for any return.
The best way to show love, I think, is to be devoted to our work - our nation. Everyone is indeed unique loved by the people around, - therefore we must learn to love others, - try our best to shoulder the responsibility of the job so as to help others live better - make contribution to our nation.
譯文
圖中我們可以看到一盞燈正在黑暗中閃耀著光芒。火焰像一張充滿童貞的笑臉。這盞燈是愛的象征,愛是人類所有感情中最偉大的。正如圖中的漢字所寫“愛心是一盞燈,在越黑暗的地方越明亮?!钡拇_情況越艱難就越能顯示愛的偉大。
闡述這種愛一個好例子就是“希望工程”。我們都知道,盡管近年來,我們的經(jīng)濟條件比以前好了很多,但東西、城鄉(xiāng)差距依然存在。很多困難家庭的孩子因為沒有錢只好輟學。社會各界對此都非常擔心?!跋Mこ獭睉?yīng)聲而出,它呼吁人們?yōu)椴荒苌蠈W的孩子獻愛心。成千上萬的人不求回報的伸出了愛心之手。
我認為獻愛心最好的辦法就是投身工作,獻身國家。我們每一個人都在接受著身邊人的愛,因此我們要學愛他人。我們應(yīng)該盡力完成好自己的本職工作幫助他人更好地生活,大家都能為祖國做貢獻。
黃金句型
In the picture presented to us...
圖中我們可以看到……
Just as ... say, ...
正如……所說……
It is true that the harder the situation is, the more valuable love is.
的確情況越艱難就越能顯示愛的偉大。
One good example to illustrate this love is the "Hope Project"。
闡述這種愛一個好例子就是“希望工程”。
As we all know,...
我們都知道……
The best way to..., I think, is to...
我認為做……最好的方法是……
一.2000年真題解說
Directions:
A. Study the following two pictures carefully - write - essay of at least 150 words.
B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
C. Your essay should meet the requirements below:
1. Describe the pictures.
2. Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures.
3. Suggest counter瞞easures.
A brief History of World Commercial Fishing
2000年考研作文是真正意義上的圖畫作文考查的開始,這是繼1998年之后第二次出現(xiàn)圖畫作文,也是之后連續(xù)考查圖畫作文的開始。這道題目中所給出的兩張圖片,形成了鮮明的對比:1900年浩瀚的海洋上只有一艘捕魚的船只,魚兒卻很多;到了1995年情況正好相反,船只成群,而魚兒卻只剩一條了。這樣的差別給人的震撼力是巨大的,顯然在多年的商業(yè)捕魚之后,漁業(yè)資源遭受到了巨大的破壞。題目中給出的提綱共有三點:第一點是描述圖畫,第二點是推斷繪畫者的意圖,第三點給出對策,即解決問題的辦法??忌鷳?yīng)該根據(jù)提綱來構(gòu)建文章的三個段落。
二.經(jīng)典范文賞析
A Brief History of World Commercial Fishing
This picture shows a drastic change in the world餾 commercial fishing. The two parts display totally different scenes in 1900 - 1995. In 1900, there were a large number of fish while only one boat was fishing on the ocean. But in 1995 fishing boats increased sharply while only one fish was left. The fish supplies have almost been exhausted by overfishing.
Judging from the picture, we can see that within about 100 years, humans have stripped the sea of her generous offerings. If we don餿 put an end to the trend, then the fish in the ocean could become extinct species in the foreseeable future.
Therefore, it is high time we took effective measures to solve this problem. First, we must bring world population under a reasonable control, as overfishing is largely due to the need to fill the additional mouths. Second, every year in the fish餾 mating season, a "grace period" should be enforced during which the fish are allowed to reproduce themselves. Third, strict laws should be implemented. Last but not least, we should enhance the awareness of the public that the ocean resources are very vital to us. Only when these above mentioned measures are put into practice can we save the fish from disappearing completely.
譯文
世界商業(yè)捕魚簡史
這幅圖顯示了世界商業(yè)捕魚的一個顯著變化。圖片兩部分顯示了1900和1995兩種不同的情況。1900年海里魚兒很多,但只有一艘漁船在捕魚。但1995年漁船的數(shù)量猛增,但魚卻只剩下一條。由于過度捕魚,魚的數(shù)量已接近枯竭。
從圖中我們可以看到100年的時間中人類已經(jīng)掠奪了大海的豐富資源。如果我們不結(jié)束這已趨勢,魚類可能在不遠的將來變成滅絕品種。
因此,我們必須采取有效的措施來解決這個問題。首先,我們應(yīng)該控制人口數(shù)量,過度捕魚的原因之一是要滿足更多的食物需求。第二,每年魚類的交配期,應(yīng)該有一段“休漁期”以便魚類完成自我生產(chǎn)。第三,制定嚴格的法律。最后,我們應(yīng)該讓公眾知道海洋資源的重要性。只有實施以上的措施,我們才能保護魚類免于滅絕。
黃金句型
This picture shows a drastic change in...
這幅圖顯示了……的一個顯著變化。
The two parts display totally different scenes...
兩部分顯示了……的不同情況。
Judging from the picture, we can see that...
從圖中,我們可以看到
Therefore, it is high time we took effective measures to solve this problem. First... second...third...last but not least...
因此,我們必須采取有效的措施來解決這個問題。首先……第二……第三……最后……
Only... can...
只有……才能……
一.1999年真題解說
Directions:
A. Study the following graphs carefully - write an essay in at least 150 words.
B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ.
C. Your essay should cover these three points:
1盓ffect of the country餾 growing human population on its wildlife
2盤ossible reason for the effect
3盰our suggestions for wildlife protection
1999年考研英語寫作是繼1997之后再次考查了圖表作文,當然也是至今為止最后一次考圖表作文,1999年之后的題型均為圖畫作文。圖表作文一般分為兩大類型考查。一種類型叫粗線條表述,這類題型沒有要求對圖表進行描述,所以就不需要引用數(shù)據(jù)論證,只要說出圖表的變化就可以了。另外一種叫做細線條作文,或詳細描述作文。題目要求對圖表進行詳細的描述或利用圖表闡述自己的觀點,這樣的題型就應(yīng)該把圖表的細節(jié)一一表述出來。
本題中給出了兩個圖表,分別代表美國人口的增長和物種滅絕??忌屑氂^察以上兩幅圖表中有關(guān)1800年至1900年的情況會發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個數(shù)據(jù)均成上升趨勢,由此我們基本上可以得出人口增長在很大程度上導致了物種滅絕的結(jié)論。另外本文中已經(jīng)提供了提綱,考生應(yīng)該先仔細閱讀提綱要求,再結(jié)合圖表寫出段落主題句,進而擴張成文。提綱中要求我們寫三點:第一點是寫人口增長對野生動植物的影響。第二點寫這種影響可能產(chǎn)生的原因。第三點要求提出自己對野生動植物保護的建議。由于提綱中沒有要求對圖表進行詳細的描述,所以可以在第一段簡單描述數(shù)據(jù),而后得出結(jié)論。接下來的兩段再對產(chǎn)生的原因和解決方法進行詳細的闡述。終點應(yīng)該放在第二、三段。
二.經(jīng)典范文賞析
The ups - downs of population growth
As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that with the rapid growth of U.S. population from 1800 to 1900, the number of its wildlife species no longer soared during the same period. We can easily draw a conclusion that the sharp decline of wildlife species resulted from the population growth. As human population increases, the species of wildlife decline, - some are even on the brink of extinction.
We may cite a variety of reasons for this situation. But the most contributing one is human being餾 weak sense of wildlife protection which leads to the decrease of wildlife as a result of cases of illegal hunting - killing of wildlife for profits. Besides, the destruction of ecological environment also plays a pushing role. Less - less forest - pasture coverage with more - more pollution - soil erosion due to population problem make it even more difficult for the wildlife to survive. Hence, unfortunately but naturally a soaring number of human population comes in t-em with a descending variety of wildlife.
Ecological environment construction - protection is a pressing - long-term task. To tackle the problem calls for, above all, the government餾 efforts to control population growth, to decrease pollution - to enhance the laws to forbid wildlife hunting. Moreover, common citizens should take practical actions to protect wild animals as well as our living environment.
譯文
人口增長的沉浮
從以上兩幅圖表中我們可以清楚的看到1800年到1900年間美國人口急劇增長,但同期野生動植物滅絕的數(shù)量也隨之急劇增長。從中我們很容易的得出人口增長在很大程度上導致物種的滅絕。隨著人口的增多,野生動植物越來越少,有的甚至瀕臨滅絕。
我們可以找到很多理由來解釋這一現(xiàn)象。但最重要的就是人們的保護意識淡漠,為了獲利瘋狂獵殺野生動植物的行為導致了物種的滅絕。另外,生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞也起了很大的作用。森林和草場的覆蓋率越來越低,另一方面由于人口增長導致的污染和土地腐化卻越來越嚴重,在這樣的條件野生動植物很難生存。因此不幸的事情發(fā)生了,野生動植物的數(shù)量隨人口的增長越來越少。
生態(tài)環(huán)境的維護是一個緊迫而又長期的任務(wù)。要解決這個問題,首先,政府要控制人口增長,減少污染,制定法律禁止獵殺野生動植物。此外,普通公民應(yīng)該采取實際行動保護野生動植物和我們的生存環(huán)境。
黃金句型
As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that...
從以上兩幅圖表中我們可以清楚的看到……
We can easily draw a conclusion that...
從中我們很容易的得出……
We may cite a variety of reasons for this situation. But the most contributing one is..., besides...
我們可以找到很多理由來解釋這一現(xiàn)象。但最重要的就是……,另外……
... is a pressing - long-term task.
……是一個緊迫而又長期的任務(wù)。
To tackle the problem calls for, above all,... Moreover,
解決這個問題首先需要……,此外……
一.1998年真題解說
Directions:
A. Study the following cartoon carefully - write an essay in no less than 150 words.
B. Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ.
C. Your essay should meet the requirements below:
1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.
2. Give your comments.
1998年的考研作文是第一次出現(xiàn)圖畫作文,圖畫作文又可以細分為照片、圖片、漫畫等多種形式。另外還有一點變化,就是從1998年開始考研寫作字數(shù)從原來不少于120字增加到不少于150字,這一要求一直持續(xù)到2000年。從2001年起,字數(shù)增加到200字左右。不過從2005年起因為增加了應(yīng)用文作文,故大作文的字數(shù)要求有所降低,為現(xiàn)在的160-200字左右。不過圖畫類作文應(yīng)該是考試準備的重中之重。
本題屬于漫畫類,畫的是一只下蛋的母雞,可笑的是母雞手中拿著一份承諾書,旁邊還有一首詩對漫畫的內(nèi)容進行了諷刺。對于漫畫類題型,考生注意對漫畫的描述不是最重要的,與之相比,揭示出其中的深刻寓意更為重要。本題的提綱要求兩點:第一點是寫出漫畫所包含的信息;第二點是給出評論??偟恼f來,第一點是相當固定的,考生只要對漫畫進行簡單描述就可以了。需要提醒的是我們應(yīng)著力描寫母雞手中的承諾書,而不需要將旁邊的詩進行逐句翻譯,不過詩歌的題目倒是可以借鑒——《如此承諾》,因此考生可以將本文的題目寫成如My View on So瞔alled Promises等。提綱的第二點為考生留出了很大的想象的空間。誠信問題一直是社會熱點問題,相信考生寫作都會有很多的思路,只要選擇自己能夠駕馭的語言將其意義揭示出來,并發(fā)表自己的看法即可。考生可以從此種承諾產(chǎn)生的原因,和此種承諾的危害性等方面進行擴展。
二.經(jīng)典范文賞析
As can be seen from the cartoon, a hen is making promises that her eggs are all round - consist of shells, egg whites - yolks. We all know that hen餾 duty is to lay eggs, but she promises what she should do! In our daily life, many people, just like the hen, keep making such promises in which they take duties - responsibilities as virtue to be proud of.
Such promises, I think, come into being mainly for two reasons. First, some profit-driven enterprises take advantages of such promises to win people餾 trust; however, their advertisements are merely misleading - cheating. Second, some of organizations - individuals that have good fame are by all means politicizing their deeds, but actually they just do what they should do.
In my opinion, doing more is better than promising more, since people are willing to be served sincerely. What we should lay more emphasis on is what we do - how we can virtually improve the level of service. Only in this way can we make people satisfied with what we do.
譯文
從漫畫中我們看到一只母雞正在承諾,它下的蛋都是圓的并且包含所有雞蛋的成分。我們都知道母雞的職責就是下蛋,但它卻為自己份內(nèi)的事情作承諾。在現(xiàn)實生活中,很多人同這只雞一樣,把自己的責任和義務(wù)當作值得夸耀的奉獻。
我認為之所以有這樣的承諾原因有二。第一,一些受利益驅(qū)使的企業(yè)利用這樣的承諾來贏得人們的信任,但他們的廣告基本上不過是誤導和欺騙。第二,一些有名的機構(gòu)和個人千方百計宣傳他們的作為,其實他們不過是履行自己的職責而已。
我認為,做事比承諾更重要,因為每個人都希望真誠相待。我們應(yīng)該把重點放在我們該做什么,怎么做才能改進我們的服務(wù)等方面。只有這樣人們才會對我們做的事情滿意。
黃金句型
As can be seen from the cartoon...
從漫畫中我們看到……
Such promises, I think, come into being mainly for two reasons. First..., second...
我認為之所以有這樣的承諾原因有二。第一……,第二……
In my opinion, doing more is better than promising more, since people are willing to be served sincerely.
我認為,做事比承諾更重要,因為每個人都希望真誠相待。
What we should lay more emphasis on is...
我們應(yīng)該把重點放在……
一.1997年真題解說
Directions:
A. Study the following set of pictures carefully - write an essay in no less than 120.
B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.
C. Your essay should cover all the information provided - meet the requirements below:
1. Interpret the following picture.
2. Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption - give your reasons.
1997年考研英語寫作經(jīng)歷了從傳統(tǒng)的命題作文向圖表作文與圖畫作文的轉(zhuǎn)變,而且這樣的趨勢一直沿用至今。寫作的字數(shù)也由120到150字改為不少于120字,為第二年提高字數(shù)打下了基礎(chǔ)。這篇文章沒有題目,考生可以根據(jù)自己的語言水平,如果沒有把握沒有必要加題目。
本題中出現(xiàn)的圖表相對比較復雜,既有柱形圖又有餅形圖,另外還有兩個數(shù)據(jù)(單個數(shù)據(jù)不能稱為圖表)。本題給出了英文提綱,主要有兩點,可分成兩段來寫,第一點是解釋下面的圖畫,第二點是煙草消費的趨勢并給出原因。首先考生應(yīng)該清楚圖表中吸煙人口比例與吸煙損失(包括金錢與生命)都是絕對數(shù)字,這些數(shù)字本身是相當驚人的,另外圖中的另外兩個數(shù)據(jù)我們可以看到世界煙草總產(chǎn)量呈逐年下降的趨勢,這些可以作為預測的出發(fā)點。根據(jù)提綱第一點對闡釋圖表的要求,考生可以在第一段對前三個數(shù)據(jù)進行概括地描述,然后在第二段中根據(jù)后一對數(shù)據(jù)中所表達的趨勢進行預測,關(guān)于自己的理由部分,考生從圖中可以看到兩點提示,考生可以從吸煙浪費資金和有害健康兩方面進行闡釋。吸煙問題也是近年來的熱點問題,考生事先應(yīng)該有很多話題貯備,但應(yīng)注意所選擇的題材應(yīng)該與圖表有關(guān),要使文章做到中心明確,內(nèi)容連貫。
二.經(jīng)典范文賞析
The problem of smoking has been widely discussed all over the world. As is shown in the pictures, smokers make up 20% of the world餾 total population. - tobacco has caused a loss of 200 billions dollars - claimed 3 million lives annually.
However, it is encouraging that the world tobacco production has dropped from that of 14.364 billion pounds in 1994 to that of 14.2 billion pounds in 1995. According to this change, I am confident that there will be less - less tobacco consumption in the future, generally for two reasons. On the one h-, more - more people are aware of the great harm of smoking - join in the fight against it. On the other h-, many governments have attached more attention to this social hazard - have taken many measures to put an end to it. The most obvious example is the ban of tobacco advertisement on mass media in some countries. Therefore, I have every reason to believe that the fight against smoking will be won at last.
譯文
全世界都在廣泛地討論吸煙問題。在圖表中我們可以看到,煙民人數(shù)已占到了世界總?cè)丝诘?0%。每年由吸煙帶來的經(jīng)濟損失已經(jīng)達到2000億美元,有300萬人由于吸煙失去了寶貴的生命。
但是,我們欣喜地看到世界煙草總產(chǎn)量已由1994年的143.64億磅下降到1995年的142億磅。根據(jù)這一變化,我確信將來煙草消費會逐年下降,原因有兩個。一方面,越來越多的人認識到吸煙的危害性,并且加入到了反對吸煙的戰(zhàn)役中。另一方面,許多國家都更加重視吸煙問題,并且采取了很多措施來禁止。最明顯的例子就是一些國家禁止在大眾媒體上做煙草的廣告。因此,我有理由相信最終我們一定能夠打贏反對吸煙的戰(zhàn)役。
黃金句型
The problem of ... has been widely discussed all over the world.
……問題正在全世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛討論。
As is shown in the pictures,...
如圖所示……
However, it is encouraging that...
但,……讓人感到欣慰。
According to ..., I am confident that...
根據(jù)……我非常確信……
On one h-... on the other h-...
一方面……,另一方面……
The most obvious example is
最明顯的例子就是……
Therefore, I have every reason to believe that
因此,我有理由相信……